| دردشة |
شات دردشة مصريه
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| 3 |
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| 5-HT2 |
5-HT2 ( 5HT2 ):
The 5-HT2 receptors are a subfamily of 5-HT receptors that bind the endogenous neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxtryptamine, 5-HT).
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| Alport syndrome |
Alport syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by glomerulonephritis, endstage kidney disease, and hearing loss. Alport syndrome can also affect the eyes. The presence of blood in the urine (hematuria) is almost always found in this condition.
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| Buruli ulcer |
The Buruli ulcer (also known as the Bairnsdale ulcer or Searl ulcer or Searle's ulcer) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. The genus also includes the causative agents of tuberculosis and leprosy; Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae, respectively.
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| Chest pain |
Chest pain may be a symptom of a number of serious conditions and is generally considered a medical emergency. Even though it may be determined that the pain is non-cardiac in origin, this is often a diagnosis of exclusion made after ruling out more serious causes of the pain.
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| CHMP |
The Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) is responsible for preparing the Agency's opinions on all questions concerning medicines for human use.
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| Clopidogrel |
Clopidogrel is a prodrug, the action of which may be related to an ADP receptor on platelet cell membranes. The drug specifically and irreversibly inhibits the P2Y12 subtype of ADP receptor, which is important in activation of platelets and eventual cross-linking by the protein fibrin.[1] Platelet inhibition can be demonstrated two hours after a single dose of oral clopidogrel, but the onset of action is slow, so that a loading-dose of 300 mg is usually administered.
Clopidogrel (INN) is an oral, thienopyridine class antiplatelet agent used to inhibit blood clots in coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease. It is marketed by Bristol-Myers Squibb and Sanofi under the trade name Plavix. The drug works by irreversibly inhibiting a receptor called P2Y12, an adenosine diphosphate (ADP) chemoreceptor on platelet cell membranes. Adverse effects include hemorrhage, severe neutropenia, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP).
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| dardachat |
شات دردشة مصريه
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| Digestion |
Du latin digestio [-digestion, -digestif], distribution, répartition, relatif aux phénomènes enzymatiques intestinaux.
organisme vivant reçoit du milieu extérieur des aliments (eau, molécules organiques et minéraux), les modifie afin de les transformer en nutriments et sélectionne les éléments assimilables ou non.
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| Diogene syndrome |
Le syndrome de Diogène est un syndrome décrit par Clark pour caractériser un trouble du comportement de la personne âgée conduisant à des conditions de vie négligées, voire insalubres.
Ce syndrome associe entre egalement:
* Une négligence parfois extrême de l'hygiène corporelle et domestique
* Une accumulation d'objets hétéroclites nommée également syllogomanie
* Un déni de son état, associé en conséquence à une absence de toute honte
* Un isolement social selon les critères habituellement admis dans sa culture
* Un refus d'aide concernant cet état, celle-ci étant vécue comme intrusive
* Une personnalité pré-morbide : soupçonneuse, astucieuse, distante, tendant à déformer la réalité (là encore selon les critères culturels en cours).
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| Dizziness |
Dizziness refers to an impairment in spatial perception and stability. It is considered imprecise. It can be used to mean vertigo, presyncope, disequilibrium, or for a non-specific feeling such as giddiness or foolishness.
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| DLco |
DLco
Diffusing capacity or Transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide, is the extent to which oxygen passes from the air sacs of the lungs into the blood. Commonly, it refers to the test used to determine this parameter.
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| Docent |
Docent is a title at some European universities to denote a specific academic appointment within a set structure of academic ranks below professor (i.e. professor ordinarius). Docent is also at some universities generically used for a person who has the right to teach.
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| Down syndrom |
Trisomy 21, typically arising from the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21
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| EDGE |
EDGE: Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution 384 k / 64 k /
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| Epstein Barr virus EBV |
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), also called human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4), is a cancer causing virus of the herpes family, which includes herpes simplex virus 1 and 2, and is one of the most common viruses in humans. Epstein-Barr virus occurs worldwide.
- a virus which produces symptoms similar to Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). Though EBV and CFS were once considered synonymous, they are now considered different conditions. EBV can be diagnosed with a blood test.
- A common virus which causes glandular fever. Also associated with Burkitt's lymphoma. Epstein and Barr first described this virus.
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| Escherichia coli |
Escherichia coli commonly abbreviated E. coli) is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms (endotherms).
Most E. coli strains are harmless, but some serotypes can cause serious food poisoning in humans, and are occasionally responsible for product recalls due to food contamination. The harmless strains are part of the normal flora of the gut, and can benefit their hosts by producing vitamin K2, and by preventing the establishment of pathogenic bacteria within the intestine.
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| FDA |
FDA : Food and Drug Administration , of US
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| Headache |
A headache is a symptom of a number of different conditions of the head. Headache is caused by a disturbance of the pain-sensitive structures in the head. The brain in itself is not sensitive to pain, because it lacks nociceptors.
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| Hemihypertrophy |
The hemihypertrophy or hemihyperplasy is a rare congenital abnormality, characterized by an asymmetric growth of the limbs, the trunk, and the face or half of the entire body. It may be isolated or be part of several syndromes including Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome, Silver-Russell syndrome and Proteus syndrome. In its isolated form, it is called idiopathic. The latter may be associated with several anomalies including dermatological and urogenital abnormalities with increased risk of developing embryonal tumors. We report the case of a 22-month-old infant, who was referred by his pediatrician at the age of 15 months for a corporeal hemihypertrophy associated with hemihypertrichosis. In his medical history, a second degree parental consanguinity and a hypospadias in the father and a paternal uncle were found. Clinical examination found a weight and a size greater than chronological age (3 standard deviations), a hemihypertrophy of entire left side with a difference of length and diameter between the left and right limbs of 2cm. The hemihypertrichosis was widespread in the left body and the genital examination found a hypospadias. Biological and radiological assessments did not show any abnormality, with the exception of an initially high plasma testosterone level, which gradually normalized. Thus, the diagnosis of idiopathic hemihypertrophy with congenital hemihypertrichosis was retained. This is the fourth case reported in the literature. Its management is similar to all hemihypertrophies, which consists of an initial assessment to detect an embryonic tumor, followed by a monitoring protocol including an abdominal and renal ultrasound every 6 months until the age of 8, determination of alpha-feto-protein every 6 to 12 weeks until the age of 4 years to track the development of the two most frequent tumors: Wilms tumor and hepatoblastoma. The hemihypertrophy associated with hemihypertrichosis has been exceptionally reported and the cause of this association has not been identified to date.
Keywords : Idiopathic hemihypertrophy, Hemihypertrichosis, Hypospadias, Hemihyperplasy, Embryonic tumors
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| HLA-B |
HLA-B (major histocompatibility complex, class I, B) is a human gene that provides instructions for making a protein that plays a critical role in the immune system. HLA-B is part of a family of genes called the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex.
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| Hypoadrenocorticism |
Addison's disease: a glandular disorder caused by failure of function of the cortex of the adrenal gland and marked by anemia and prostration with brownish skin,(also chronic adrenal insufficiency, hypocortisolism, and hypocorticism) is a rare endocrine disorder wherein the adrenal glands produce insufficient steroid hormones (glucocorticoids and often mineralocorticoids). It's generally diagnosed via blood tests and medical imaging.
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| Hypothyroidism |
Hypothyroidism is the disease state in humans and in vertebrates caused by insufficient production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland. Cretinism is a form of hypothyroidism found in infants.
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| Illness |
Illness (sometimes referred to as ill-health or ailment) is a state of poor health. Illness is sometimes considered a synonym for disease. Others maintain that fine distinctions exist. Some have described illness as the subjective perception by a patient of an objectively defined disease.
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| Irritable bowel syndrome IBS |
- recurrent abdominal pain and diarrhea (often alternating with periods of constipation); often associated with emotional stress
wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS or spastic colon) is a functional bowel disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain, discomfort, bloating, and alteration of bowel habits in the absence of any detectable organic cause. In some cases, the symptoms are relieved by bowel movements.
- A functional disorder causing the nerves and muscles of the large intestine to be oversensitive, leading to symptoms such as cramp, bloating, flatulence, diarrhoea and constipation
- A condition involving the GI tract, which has some similar symptoms to Crohn's disease.
- A disorder of the intestine that affects motility and causes abdominal pain, bloating and irregular bowel movements (constipation and / or diarrhoea). Used to be known in the past as spastic colon or colitis and irritable colon.
- A common disorder of the intestines that leads to cramping, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. Some people with IBS have constipation (difficult or infrequent bowel movements); others have diarrhea (frequent loose stools, often with an urgent need to move the bowels); and some people .
- Increased sensitivity of the intestine, characterised by recurrent abdominal cramps, bloating, mucus in stools, irregular bowel habits, diarrhoea and constipation.
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| LDL low-density-lipoprotein |
LDL: Low Density Lipoprotein: a lipoprotein that transports cholesterol in the blood; composed of moderate amount of protein and a large amount of cholesterol; high levels are thought to be associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis, transports cholesterol and triglycerides from the liver to peripheral tissues, so is considered “bad” because it can be deposited in the arteries, increasing the risk of heart attack or stroke. accumulate on the artery walls. This in turn may lead to an increased risk of heart disease. Research suggests that eating too much saturated and fatty acids can elevate LDL blood cholesterol levels.
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| Le syndrome de TORCH |
Le syndrome de TORCH fait référence à un groupe d'infections congénitales qui peuvent affecter le fœtus pendant la grossesse. L'acronyme TORCH représente Toxoplasma, Rubéole, Cytomégalovirus, Herpès simplex, mais d'autres agents infectieux peuvent également être inclus.
Ce syndrome peut avoir des conséquences graves sur le développement fœtal, pouvant entraîner des anomalies congénitales, des retards de croissance, voire des perturbations du système nerveux central. Il est crucial de diagnostiquer et de traiter ces infections le plus tôt possible pendant la grossesse pour minimiser les risques pour le fœtus.
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| Locked-in syndrome |
Locked-in syndrome is a condition in which a patient is aware and awake, but cannot move or communicate due to complete paralysis of nearly all voluntary muscles in the body except for the eyes. Total locked-in syndrome is a version of locked-in syndrome where the eyes are paralyzed as well.
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| Marfan syndrome |
Marfan syndrome (also called Marfan's syndrome) is a genetic disorder of the connective tissue.
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| Mental illness |
Any disease of the mind; the psychological state of someone who has emotional or behavioral problems serious enough to require psychiatric intervention
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| Metabolic syndrome |
Metabolic syndrome is a combination of medical disorders that, when occurring together, increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
The main features of metabolic syndrome include:
- insulin resistance
- hypertension (high blood pressure)
- cholesterol abnormalities
- increased risk for clotting.
- Patients are most often overweight or obese.
Metabolic syndrome is also known as metabolic syndrome X, cardiometabolic syndrome, syndrome X, insulin resistance syndrome, Reaven's syndrome (named for Gerald Reaven), and CHAOS.
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| Nail patella syndrome NPS |
Nail–patella syndrome (NPS) is a genetic disorder that results in small, poorly developed nails and kneecaps.Freedberg,
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| PHTLS |
PHTLS: Pre Hospital Trauma Life Support (PHTLS) AMLS EPC EMS Safety PHTLS About PHTLS World Trauma Symposium International PHTLS Programs TCCC Trauma Resources Trauma First Response FAQ's Course Administration Center Locate a Course Online EMS Education Purchase Textbooks
NAEMT's Prehospital Trauma Life Support (PHTLS) is recognized around the world as the leading continuing education program for prehospital emergency trauma care.
PHTLS promotes excellence in trauma patient management through global education of all providers involved in the delivery of prehospital care. PHTLS is developed by NAEMT in cooperation with the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma.
PHTLS courses improve the quality of trauma care in your area and decrease mortality. The program is based on a prehospital trauma care philosophy, stressing the treatment of the multi-system trauma patient as a unique entity with specific needs. This may require an approach to the trauma patient that varies from traditional treatment modalities.
PHTLS promotes critical thinking as the foundation for providing quality care. It is based on the belief that, given a good fund of knowledge and key principles, EMS providers are capable of making reasoned decisions regarding patient care. The PHTLS course is continuously updated and revised to keep up with the advances in the field, ATLS Guidelines and feedback from PHTLS participants.
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| Porphyromonas gingivalis |
Porphyromonas gingivalis belongs to the phylum Bacteroidetes and is a non-motile, gram-negative, rod-shaped, anaerobic pathogenic bacterium. It forms black colonies on blood agar.
It is found in the oral cavity, where it is implicated in certain forms of periodontal disease, as well as the upper gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and in the colon. Collagen degradation that is observed in chronic periodontal disease results in part from the collagenase enzymes of this species.
In patients harbouring Porphyromonas gingivalis one finds high levels of specific antibody in the serum.
Additionally Porphyromonas gingivalis has been linked to rheumatoid arthritis. Porphyromonas gingivalis contains the PAD (Peptidyl-Arginine Deaminase) which is involved in citrullination . Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis have an increased incidence of periodontal disease and antibodies to the bacterium are significantly more common in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porphyromonas_gingivalis
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| Protein-arginine deiminase |
Protein-arginine deiminase
In enzymology, a protein-arginine deiminase (EC 3.5.3.15) is an enzyme that catalyzes a form of post translational modification called arginine de-imination or citrullination:
protein L-arginine + H2O \rightleftharpoons protein L-citrulline + NH3
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are protein L-arginine and H2O, whereas its two products are protein L-citrulline and NH3.
This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in linear amidines. The systematic name of this enzyme class is protein-L-arginine iminohydrolase. This enzyme is also called peptidylarginine deiminase.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein-arginine_deiminase
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| SCOUT |
SCOUT – Sibutramine Cardiovasculaire OUTcomes trial
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| Tenocytes |
Tenocytes:
Tendon cells, or tenocytes, are elongated fibroblast type cells. The cytoplasm is stretched between the collagen fibres of the tendon. They have a central cell nucleus with a prominent nucleolus.
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| Thiazolidinediones |
Thiazolidinediones :
The medication class of thiazolidinedione (also called glitazones) was introduced in the late 1990s as an adjunctive therapy for diabetes mellitus (type 2) and related diseases.
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| TOT |
TOT (trans-obturator Tape)
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| Tourette syndrome tics |
Tourette syndrome (also called Tourette's syndrome, Tourette's disorder, Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, GTS or, more commonly, simply Tourette's or TS) is an inherited neuropsychiatric disorder with onset in childhood, characterized by multiple physical (motor) tics and at least one vocal (phonic) tic; these tics characteristically wax and wane. Tourette's is defined as part of a spectrum of tic disorders, which includes transient and chronic tics.
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| TRPA1 acetaminophen |
Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, member 1, also known as TRPA1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the TRPA1 (and in other species by the Trpa1) gene.
TRPA1 is an ion channel located on the plasma membrane of many human and animal cells. This ion channel is best known as a sensor for environmental irritants, pain, cold and stretch.
Action of Paracetamol
Metabolites of acetaminophen (paracetamol) have been demonstrated to activate TRPA1 receptors in the spinal cord of mice, causing an antinociceptive effect. This is suggested as the antinociceptive mechanism for acetaminophen
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| TVT |
TVT (Tension-free Vaginal Tape)
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| UMTS |
UMTS : Universal Mobile Telecommunications System 3G 1,9 M / 144 k rurale, 384 k urbaine, 1,9 M point fixe
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| Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome |
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (also called wet brain, Korsakoff psychosis, alcoholic encephalopathy, Wernicke's disease, and encephalopathy - alcoholic) is a manifestation of thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency, or beriberi. This is usually secondary to alcohol abuse.
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